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In
a paragraph of introduction to this poem W.F.Bolton (1965) suggests
that the preceding sentence is meant to 'draw the poet - and his audience
- into the abstract scheme', implying that the 'spræc' is the
first seven lines of the poem, and that what has been said in them
'is no small assertion to make'. This is a feasible and attractive
translation, but 'spræc' in line 101 is definitely the conclave
to which all souls are summoned. |
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Bosworth-Toller
(1921) suggest 'after terror has become the portion of the spirit',
but I assume that 'gryre' here means 'what causes terror', not 'the
state of being terrified'. |
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'Godes
dæl' could mean three things: (1) with short vowel in the first
word, 'the share allotted by God'; (2) with long vowel, 'the share
allotted to the good man'; (3) with abstract sense, the share of good
fortune, the quantity of good things standing ready for the righteous
in heaven. I have chosen the latter translation largely because of
the analogy with 'þæs brogan dæl' in line 71. |
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There
is no gap in the MS, but 'fisces eþel' is not an acceptable
variation of 'wætres', even if there were no break in the alliteration.
In 1857 grein suggested 'and frecne grimmeð', 'and the home of
the fish rages furiously'. This is a good line close in phrasing and
context to Riddles 2,5, 'hwælmere hlimmeð, hlude
grimmeð'. My own more unimaginative proposal assumes repetition
from lines 1-2, in the same way as line 37 echoes line 9. |
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'Lyftes
mægen' might mean ' the power of the sky' in some more general
sense than I have translated it. |
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'Oncweþan'
means 'to reply'; B-T (1921) suggest tentatively that the phrase here
means 'make (this) response'. I think that the poet wants his readers
to say what follows to themselves; 'ic' in the next line refers to
us as well as to him. He is telling us the moral of his poem in the
most direct way possible, concerned as always lest we should read
it but not believe it, not act on it. Mackie (1934) translates similarly. |
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